Thursday 28 June 2018

Jonah chapter 4 - a sulk about what God does










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Have you ever tried to move God off his throne and put yourself there instead? Have you ever tried to disregard everything that God has said about himself and his commands, because you thought you know better?

Well throughout the book of Jonah, we have seen Jonah do this.

In chapter 1, we saw Jonah trying to run away from God. God gave Jonah a mission, and Jonah tried to decline the mission, but God would not let him. He will not allow some patriotic, Jewish prophet to keep him from performing what He wants to do. Go to Nineveh!

So, in chapter 2, we saw Jonah running into God. You cannot run away from God and what he wants so Jonah is almost drowned, is swallowed by a big fish to save him, and then is vomited up on the beach.

Then in chapter 3, we saw Jonah somewhat grudgingly obey God. Jonah went with God’s call on him, but not whole-heartedly. Throughout the book, we’ve seen Jonah try to run God. Jonah has been thinking throughout the book that he knows better than God what should happen to the Ninevites, and so Jonah has been trying to put himself on God’s throne.

In the last chapter of the book, we hope that Jonah finally learns his lesson. We hope that Jonah finally repents, and finally agrees that God can be gracious to the people of Nineveh, and that he does not deserve grace any more or less than they do or we do. But he doesn’t. A disgusted Jonah sits and sulks and cannot cope at all with these dreadful people being given another chance and them responding! And his life long view on God being partial is blown apart and he just loses it. 

But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he became angry. The Hebrew word here for angry is literally, “to be hot, blaze, burn” You’ve heard of being hot under the collar. Well Jonah is all that and more!

Why did Jonah respond this way? Remember, Israel and Assyria were rivals in a contest that could leave only one nation surviving. The Ninevites were wicked and cruel, and so Jonah probably hated them, or at least hated what they did. And so he was hoping that God would destroy them.

We should not be too hard on Jonah here. We all sometimes wonder why God doesn’t judge a certain person or group of people.

We judge Jonah, but we judge too quickly. He’s exhausted. Well you would be, wouldn’t you?

If we can relate to what Jonah is feeling here, then the rest of the chapter is for us. Sometimes we might pray as Jonah prays here in verse 2-3.

So, he prayed to the Lord, and said, “Ah, Lord, was not this what I said when I was still in my country? Therefore, I fled previously to Tarshish; for I know that You are a gracious and merciful God, slow to anger and abundant in loving kindness, one who relents from doing harm. Therefore now, O Lord, please take my life from me, for it is better for me to die than to live!”

Jonah, it seems, is not only hot under the collar. He is angry to the point of not wanting to live anymore. It seems that he believes a great injustice has occurred. Jonah’s thoughts were along these lines: ‘The Assyrians should have received the judgment that they deserved. And if that isn’t going to happen then what is the point of carrying on and being your spokesperson? You might as well take my life.’ Jonah is just getting redder and redder, like people get when the blood pressure rises and they just explode.

Then the Lord said, “Is it right for you to be angry?”

Anger – it is right? Well, yes, I think it is when things in the world are just so wrong. There’s been an uprising perhaps only in some parts of America but certainly outside it that you can’t put children in cages and separate them from their parents, no matter what the story is. So, you write an order to stop that and say “we must keep the families together” but they are still separated and will still be locked up. “I didn’t like the sight or the feeling of families being separated, I think anybody with a heart would feel strongly about it. We don’t like to see families separated.” Perhaps anger at a lack of decent respect for human rights is okay and anger that stuff we thought was long consigned to history in the free world is still happening. Anger is right when the rich are rich and the poor get poorer. The comedian Johnny Vegas was on Channel 4’s “Last Leg” on Friday night and had a live rant about the NHS being underfunded and a government not caring. He was very angry!

Inspired by love and anger one Iona hymn puts it. And parts of the Bible get angry about injustice.

We pretty some Psalms by leaving the angry bits out but sometimes the Psalmist has a meltdown wanting God to get angry: Psalm 79 “Pour out your anger on the nations that do not know you, and on the kingdoms that do not call upon your name.” We become superior and we don’t want those who’ve made mistakes to have a chance.

Anger that just winds the angry person up and the person getting it is just destructive. Someone really really angry rang me up and ranted for ages because they had in their view been wronged in a church. They didn’t accept my version of events or my response and finished the conversation by telling me they needed to calm down. I remained calm on the other end of the phone as they ranted. Football fans do it – if England lose this afternoon against Panama the tabloid press will have a great back page headline that Raheem Sterling is the worst shambles of a player we’ve ever had. I saw a fascinating programme last weekend about England football managers and they showed Graham Taylor who was vilified by the press, and that famous back page of his head as a turnip as England lost to Sweden and the headline Swedes 2 Turnips 1.

Is it right for you to sulk? 

Perhaps cannot cope if things don’t go our way, and we sulk. Some church people are good at that, none here I say quickly but I’ve had sulkers in Church Councils who’ve lost votes on big issues. The stormers out are great fun and I’ve tried hard to understand them. Some people find it impossible to accept a broadening of vision needed to move on.      

Is it right for you to be angry? 

This is the question I’m sure God sometimes asks us when we think our way is better than God’s. God is asking Jonah the same question we would ask of him. It is as if God is saying: “Jonah, I had every right to kill you for disobeying me. In fact, I had more right to destroy you than I did the Ninevites, because you knew about my righteous requirements and chose to disobey anyway. They did not know, and although they were living in sin, they were ignorant of my requirements. Now that they know, they have repented of their sin and so I have turned from my wrath.

You still have not repented of your sin, and I am still being gracious and patient with you.

Often God doesn’t act like we would like Him to. Sometimes we get angry when bad things happen or prayers seem to go unanswered. Maybe it is when we are made to wait for far too long. Maybe it seems that God is blessing others while you go overlooked.

What about God? How does He react to this little dummy spit from His prophet? He who showed tremendous patience towards the Ninevites, once again shows the same patience with His prophet. But He doesn’t want this experience to pass without Jonah learning something though!

We see why Jonah would rather flee to Tarshish than preach fire and brimstone to Nineveh, and why he would rather die than obey God. The answer to both is that he knew God is a gracious and merciful God, slow to anger and abundant in loving kindness, one who relents from doing harm.

Jonah knew his Bible and knew that God was gracious. He did not want God to show compassion on Nineveh.

He did not want the heathen nation of Assyria to receive blessing and forgiveness from God. In fact, it seems that Jonah disagrees with how God handled the situation. Jonah is trying to tell God how to behave. God’s love and grace is wonderful when it is directed toward Jonah and toward Israel. But God showing love and kindness toward Israel’s enemies? They don’t deserve it!

Jonah knows God’s character and is telling God that he was wrong to give grace to the Ninevites. Jonah, in his anger, is attacking God’s actions saying that the people of Nineveh do not deserve God’s grace.

Well, Jonah, in typical Jonah fashion, does not answer God, and instead sulks outside the city and makes himself comfortable in a shelter.

Apparently, he hoped that maybe God would destroy the city after all, and he wanted to be there to watch it when it happened. And as watched God wanted to give him a visual aid in how God works.

And the Lord God prepared a plant and made it come up over Jonah, that it might be shade for his head to deliver him from his misery. So, Jonah was very grateful for the plant. But as morning dawned the next day God prepared a worm, and it so damaged the plant that it withered. And it happened, when the sun arose, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat on Jonah’s head, so that he grew faint.

Then he wished death for himself, and said, “It is better for me to die than to live.” The withering of his beloved beautiful plant is a tipping point for Jonah.

He survived the storm on the boat. He survived being thrown overboard into the sea. He didn’t give up though swallowed by a great fish. He was willing to walk into the enemy’s city of Nineveh and proclaim God’s message. All these things he coped with. But his plant dying-- leading to the sun beating down on him is just too much! ‘I want to die!’ he says. ‘Take my life!’

Then God said to Jonah, “Is it right for you to be angry about the plant?”

God asks his question again.

And Jonah said, “It is right for me to be angry, even to death!”

With all this talk of death, if Jonah were living today, he would be considered suicidal. He would be put on suicide watch.

Jonah is furious about a plant. He liked the vine, and wanted to enjoy its shade, and here God had killed the plant, and so Jonah was angry. He is so angry with God he wants to die.

But the Lord said, “You have had pity on the plant for which you have not laboured, nor made it grow, which came up in a night and perished in a night. And should I not pity Nineveh, that great city, in which are more than one hundred and twenty thousand persons who cannot discern between their right hand and their left — and much livestock?”

And with that, the story ends.

What a strange ending. Why is the vine there? Why does the story end this way? It seems like the story should have ended after chapter 3. God has mercy on Nineveh. The End.

But that wasn’t the end. Why not? Because the story is not about Nineveh.

It is about God and his dealings with a man whose heart is cold. Jonah wanted the city to be destroyed and did not care for anyone in the city. But he did care for a plant. And God is saying, “Jonah, look what you are saying. You did not cause the plant to grow, and yet you loved it and wanted it to survive. Neither did you cause Nineveh to grow, and yet you want it to be destroyed. And Nineveh is full of 120,000 people who do not know their right hand from their left. In other words, they are ignorant about me and about my requirements. They do not know good from evil. Yet if you had to choose between 120,000 people and a plant, you would pick the plant? The book closes with one final question from God: “Shall I not be concerned with that great city?”

And that is how the story ends. It leaves the reader hanging.

We do not get an answer from Jonah. We do not know what his response was. We do not know if God got through to Jonah’s heart. We do not know if Jonah repented of his ways. We do not know if Jonah learned his lesson.

Why does the text not tell us?

Because the text is not primarily about Jonah. Most people think this story is about God’s love for other nations. It isn’t about that, or the story would have ended after chapter three. A few people think that this story is about God working on the mind and heart of a prophet of Israel. The story is not about that either, because we are not told how Jonah responds.

This book ends rather abruptly. God has the last word. That is how it should be. It is a word reinforcing His love for all. We don’t know how Jonah responded. We might hope that Jonah forgot about his plant. I hope he let go of his anger. We might hope he was able to walk down into the city again and rejoice with those who now rejoice. I hope he was able to tell them a greater message than he did before... one about the God who is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending calamity. But I’m not sure he did. I imagine him just going away from all this exhausted mentally and very confused. 

What is this story about?

The story is about you and me. The text leaves us hanging because it asks the question, “What about you? What would you do if you were in Jonah’s place?”

Sometimes we pray “wrongly” as James says, “to spend it on your passions” (James 4:3). We want what we want, not what God wants. Jonah’s experiences warn us about the danger of a wrong concept of God. In his case, the wrong concept was a God only for me. He knew God was gracious yet did not think he should be gracious to Nineveh.



There is a real danger of having a detached knowledge of God that does not transform us into his image, a God for everyone if they turn to him, a God who makes the offer that it can all be different no matter how vile you have been.

The book closes with God asking Jonah a question regarding the fate of the thousands in Nineveh. Its very challenging to end a story with a question. Perhaps before this Bible Month began we thought the most amazing thing about Jonah was God providing a whale, and we’ve learnt now it wasn’t a whale and that there is much much more in this little book.  We have been challenged to focus on the amazing fact that the God of Israel blesses repentant pagans with mercy. The reason the book closes with an unanswered question is because the he wants us to give our answer to what he will do in our Nineveh. Are we really inclusive and forgiving or are we a bit suspicious and is it maybe not all are welcome?

Perhaps we need in a Methodist context to remember some of our theology. The Four Alls of Methodism.

All need to be saved

All may be saved

All may know that they are saved

All may be saved to the uttermost

No-one is perfect but no one is beyond the reach of God’s redeeming love. Through Christ – his perfect life, death and resurrection – all people have the opportunity to respond to God’s love, finding forgiveness for past errors, peace and strength in the present, and confident hope that reaches through our futures and into eternity. We can know that and celebrate that, everyone is included and everyone can witness to it.   

There are no limitations on the work that God can do to reshape and recreate his image in the life of an individual. God himself makes a home in their lives. God’s Spirit begins a work of transformation, recreation and regeneration in the heart of that person which need never end. The likeness of Jesus grows in a person’s life; the mind of Christ takes hold; and the love of Christ grows stronger and stronger until we begin to see, speak and serve with the heart of God himself.

There are no limits to how God can change a person from the inside out. That’s what we mean when we say a person may be ‘saved to the uttermost’. As Jesus said in the little parable we read earlier – there is more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents…

For Jonah it was too revolutionary, for people who encountered early Methodism it was too revolutionary, and for us today, well… maybe we are growing at the moment because it is at the heart of what we are becoming, welcoming, inclusive, accepting, helping people move on with  new beginning, not being it’s for us not for you in attitude. 

We as a church have always been clear that no-one is beyond the reach of God’s love. Salvation is there for everyone who turns to God, and not just for a chosen few. Turning Ninevites and sulky knackered prophets…




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